Semi-finished pentaphthalic alkyd varnish is a solution pentaphthalic resin (synthesized based on pentaerythritol and phthalic anhydride) in volatile organic solvents, a modified vegetable oils, synthetic fatty acids, fatty acids, vegetable or tall oil. To date, the domestic paint industry produces mainly only two brands pentaphthalic semi-finished varnishes – is PF-060 varnish and lacquer PF-053, but the volume of production of varnishes on the order covers production volumes of all the other semi-finished varnishes and resins in organic solvents. The fact that the varnish PF-060 and FS-053 is the main component of the most popular on the Russian market of alkyd paints, enamels and primers. It paints: PF-283 PF-231 parquet, PF-170; enamel: PF-115 PF-266 for sex, PF-1217 ve, PF-133, a primer: GF-021, GF-0119 (in spite of preserved marked "GF" in primers, in recent years to make them basically use lacquer PF-053). Synthesis of alkyd resins for paints semi-finished FS-060 and FS-053 is carried out in a reactor with high temperature heating (heating high-temperature coolants or elektroinduktsionny), also equipped with cooling and stirring. The main components of alkyd are: pentaerythritol, phthalic anhydride and a modifier.
Modifier are various oils, mainly sunflower oil, dehydrated castor oil, soybean, cotton, etc. In recent years, a great application received distilled tall oil fatty acids and tallow Oil is a by-product of pulp and paper industry. See more detailed opinions by reading what technology investor offers on the topic.. In the first stage of the process at temperatures up to 240 degrees. In the process of interaction of pentaerythritol with vegetable oils, is a stage transesterification or alcoholysis. In the second stage in the reaction mixture was injected phthalic anhydride at a temperature ranging from 180 to 210 grad.S is getting ready oligomer (alkyd) – a stage .
Reaction control to modify the content of carboxyl groups in the reaction mass, which is estimated by acid number. Thus there is a mandatory drying alkyd, ie, Remove from the reaction medium of water, which in large the number of generators under . Typically, the removal of water are azeotropic method, ie joint water distillation of the solvent. Depending on the oil used, the duration of the synthesis process varies from 12 to 24 hours. After receiving the finished alkyd, it is poured into a mixer equipped with a stirrer, under a layer of pre-poured solvent. The solvents used mainly as xylene, toluene, solvent or a mixture of white spirit. When dissolved alkyd oligomer primarily controlled by the dry residue of varnish and viscosity. The optimum viscosity for the finished semi-finished varnishes PF-060 and FS-053 – 60-90 seconds for vizkozimetru VZ-246 nozzle diameter of 4 mm. Mass fraction of solids or dry residue should be within 52-55%. Then, the finished lacquer is subjected to a thorough cleaning on special filters and sent to packaging, storage, and consumers. Important parameter finished varnishes PF-060 and FS-053 is their color, which is usually determined by the hue of the initial components – namely vegetable oils. The higher the quality of the paint, the lighter it should be. Colour varnish PF-060 ranged from 10 to 60 mg J2/100 cm3. Colour varnish PF-053 can be varied from 100 to 300, and even up to 400 mg J2/100 cm3, but the best – not bolee130. Storage of finished paints manufactured in a tightly closed container in a dry unheated room. Shelf life – no more than 6 months. They must be protected from heat, moisture and direct sunlight.